Many Women Across The World Cause Complications To Their

Many women across the world cause complications to their unborn child when they choose to abuse substance. There are many types of substance abuse such as alcohol, tobacco, and drug abuse. Most likely when women choose to engage in these types of activities it causes harm to the child and birth defects. Long term and short term deformities and conditions are present in the child. Other factors play a part into why women abuse, substance such as stress, depression, and mental issues. More treatment and pre-education should be provided to women to inform them of the cause and effects of substance abuse. Most pregnant mothers are not provided with the proper care and treatment when treating substance abuse. According to the American†¦show more content†¦Nevertheless, others may feel that it is solely the mother’s responsibility to endure treatment for her and the child. Not only does the substance abuse affect the mother and the child it also affects the family. During that time women may feel isolated and a support group should be provided. One major substance abuse is the consumption of alcohol. Children have this condition that is called an Alcohol Fetal syndrome, which is caused by alcohol exposure during the mother’s pregnancy. This syndrome cause issues such as brain damage, growth problems, and physical defects. Researchers from the National Institute for Alcohol and Drug Association have conducted a study which took place over the time period of five years they also use previous research to help back up their own conclusion. â€Å"Fetal Alcohol Syndrom e (FAS) and Fetal Alcohol Effects (FAE) has increased during the last 20 years...Reduced birth weight has been observed among children born to women who consumed amounts of alcohol down to 1.2 cl (10 g) absolute alcohol (AA) per day during pregnancy† (Ihlen, Amundsen, Tronnes 389). Even though that investigation was conducted back in 1993, it still helps show how alcohol has been a problem for women and their child and it continues to be an issue today. Recent studies state that â€Å"alcohol use in pregnancy is a major public health problem...alcohol is used byShow MoreRelatedHealthy People 2020 Initiative : A Initiative Of The Department Of Health1605 Words   |  7 Pagesimprove the well-being of women, infants, children, and families. As a result, increasing the quality of years of healthy life. All of this can accomplish by providing a roadmap to all to help individuals and health care providers meet these outcomes. Improving the families well-being has a great impact on the rest of each person’s life. The Healthy People 2020 addresses a broad range of conditions, health behavior, and health systems that affect the quality of life of women, children and familiesRead MoreHow Substance Abuse Negatively Affects The Baby While During1328 Words   |  6 Pagesbaby while during a woman’s pregnancy. Many women across the world cause complications to their unborn child when they choose to abuse substance. There are many types of substance abuse such as alcohol, tobacco, and drug abuse. Most likely when women choose to engage in these types of activities it causes harm to the child and birth defects. Long term and short term deformities and conditions are present in the child. Other factors play a part into why women abuse substance such as stress, depressionRead MoreChild Birthing Practices Throughout The United States1695 Words   |  7 Pagesturned into a major procedure. Cesarean sections save the lives of mothers and babies or can offer an alternative to vaginal childbirth. Some women opt to avoid the grueling process of vaginal childbirth in fear of hours of labor and discomfort whereas others have no option. Although cesarean sections are major surgeries that can potentially pose extreme complications to the mother and baby, they can be extremely beneficial with scared mot hers or in high-risk situations. A cesarean section is a surgicalRead MoreRelationship Of Substance Abuse And Physical Abuse1622 Words   |  7 Pagesdollars in the year of 2005 alone (Malloy, 2013).Premature birth affects the growth of the child and leads to various complications. Babies born before 37 weeks are at an amplified risk for an assortment of medical complications, such as respiratory, cardiac, neurological, and gastrointestinal problems and infections. The exact cause of premature birth is still unknown till this day, but many researchers found factors that contribute to premature deaths. According to Truong, Reifsnider, Mayorga and SpitlerRead MoreSubstance Abuse During Pregnancy?952 Words   |  4 Pagesof abuse is more common amongst pregnant women. Most the time substance abuse is hard to find in women. Pregnant women who go through substance abuse usually don’t seek any medical help. If an expecting mother uses any kind of drug it can result in many complications. Some complications that are a result of substance abuse include: stillbirths, miscarriages, premature labor and even complications that can affect the child later on in life. Pregnant women who also give birth to children addicted toRead MoreCosmetic Surgery And Its Effects On Society1462 Words   |  6 Pagesthe media perceives body image for women, usually they use Botox, aesthetic surgery, and a reconstructive surgery; to fix facial features and body parts after a horrible accident. However the controversy begins is, how it can be harmful to every ones body and minds. Most people do not realize the damaging side effects with what is being injected into their bodies. Botox is one of the most common type of cosmetic surgery performed around the world today. Botox causes a reversible paralysis, which helpsRead MoreThe Practice Of Genital Mutilation1741 Words   |  7 Pagesis a cultural tradition performed across central Africa, in the southern Sahara, and in parts of the Middle East. Most women who have experienced FGC live in one of the 28 countries in Africa and the Middle East where FGC is practiced. Almost one-half of women who have experienced FGC live in Egypt or Ethiopia. To a lesser degree, FGC is practiced in Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, and India. Some immigrants practice various forms of FGC in other parts of the world, including Australia, Cana-da, NewRead MoreAbortion Should Be Legal Essay893 Words   |  4 PagesStates . The individual rights for abortion show rights of life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness. As well, women should be able to have the choice to choose to have an abortion for several important reasons. The right to make these decisions should lie in the hands of the â€Å"mother† to make decisions concerning their own to make decisions concerning their own bodies. In addition, women should be given the choice to have an abortion if they are too young and unable to take care their child financiallyRead MoreShould The Decision Of Delivering A Child Or The Mother?1544 Words   |  7 Pages Should the decision of delivering a child vaginally or cesarean reside in the physician or the mother? Afterall, it is the mother who will be enduring the pain of labor, possible complications, or postsurgical recovery. Many women who want c-sections believe it should be illegal to make someone go through labor. Is it ethically appropriate to perform a cesarean delivery on a maternal request at term in an otherwise uncomplicated pregnancy because of the risks of surgery (American CongressRead MoreAbortion : An Act Of Population Reduction920 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion: Legalized Murder A resounding tune states that people make the world go around. It is understandable that old age, illnesses, accidents, wars, and many other disasters bring on reductions within the population. Yet, abortion as an act of population reduction is often a topic that many people would rather not discuss. Abortions account for 1.3 million deaths among unborn children yearly (â€Å"Abortion: Late-Term/Partial Birth 2). The purpose of this research is to argue that, with the exception

The New Deal Policies By Franklin D. Roosevelt - 914 Words

The New Deal policies were created by Franklin D. Roosevelt and his people who are known as the â€Å"New Dealers†. They were created in hopes that they would bring relief, recovery, and reform to America and help bring America out of the depression. This flawed plan that many historians believe was largely a success brought America another rescission and caused the unemployment rate to rise. To believe that the New Deal was largely a success is to overlook its many failures and negative impact on America. From the failure of the NRA to the hostile reactions of many critics to the fact that unemployment rose, and the discrimination towards women and blacks it is clear that this New Deal was far from a success and was indeed very flawed. The National Recovery Administration (NRA) was one of the many administrations that were initiated during the New Deal. This administration was established to help create jobs, increase consumer buying power, and to help create minimum wage. The NRA created a â€Å"blanket code† that would make companies have a minimum wage and maximum work hours and was claimed to raise consumer purchasing power and increase employment. These codes were poorly written and had no enforcement mechanisms and many employers ignored them. â€Å"Many businesses slanted their NRA codes to provide higher profits rather than the better wages for labor and lower prices for consumers that the cooperative design called for.†The NRA was ran by federal officials with no priorShow MoreRelatedFranklin D. Roosevelt s President Of The United States1546 Words   |  7 PagesChapter 31-33 Test: Individual Question When Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected to his first term as president of the United States in 1932, America was in a severe depression. When Franklin Roosevelt took office in March of 1933, President Hoover handed the problems of the Great Depression over to Roosevelt. Upon taking office, Franklin Roosevelt issued a bank holiday which forced all banks to close from March 6 to March 10 while he met with Congress to pass the Emergency Banking Act to allow banksRead MoreHow Roosevelt And His New Deal Prolonged The Great Depression1395 Words   |  6 PagesHow Roosevelt And His New Deal Prolonged The Great Depression The traditional view of Franklin D. Roosevelt is that he motivated and helped the United States during the â€Å"Great Depression† and was a great president, however, as time has passed, economist historians have begun analyzing Roosevelt’s presidency. Many have concluded that he did not help America during the Great Depression but instead amplified and prolonged the depression. Jim Powell wrote about FDR economic policies and did an excellentRead MoreAp Us History Fdr Dbq1172 Words   |  5 Pagesits path. When Franklin D. Roosevelt became president in 1933 the economy was now deep in a huge downward spiral, and he raised a new Democratic approach to run the government and United States. The United States was in for a lot of reform movements being that a Democrat was president, and something needed to be done to prevent the status of the United States to fail even more. Franklin D. Roosevelt responded to the problems of the Great Depression with an optimistic mindset . Roosevelt took the bestRead MoreProgressive Era vs New Deal Essay examples981 Words   |  4 PagesNew Deal vs. Progressive Era During both the Progressive era and the New Deal era, policies as well as programs were being created in an effort to assist the American public, specifically those living in poverty. Throughout the early 1900’s Roosevelt had strayed away from the typical laissez-faire policy and decided that the people would need to be guided by the government. â€Å"Wilsonian Progressivism† had also aimed at assisting the public with his â€Å"New Freedom Program† which consisted of antitrustRead MoreThe New Deal: Franklin Roosevelt879 Words   |  4 Pages The term, The New Deal, comes from Franklin Roosevelt’s 1932 democratic presidential nomination acceptance speech, Roosevelt says, I pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people.(Referring to the great depression) Roosevelt explains the New Deal as a use of the authority of government as an organized form of self-help for all classes and groups and sections of our country. The New Deal program was born in a Brain Trust meeting prior to Roosevelt’s inauguration. (Anonymous)Read MorePearl Harbor : A Gateway Of Strength For Our Nation1381 Words   |  6 Pagesgiven by an influential American figure to impact the course of history itself. Whether it is a tragedy or an event to celebrate, the speeches given are a passage to a change in history for better or worse. In the â€Å"Pearl Harbor Address,† Franklin D. Roosevelt used parallel structure, rhetorical appeals, and diction to portray his strong opposing sentiments toward the catastrophic acts that occurred in Pearl Harbor, and changed American history course by declaring war against the Japanese EmpireRead MoreCompare and Contrast Presidents Essay1003 Words   |  5 Pages Franklin D. Roosevelt and Ronald Reagan Like any two people in the world Franklin D. Roosevelt and Ronald Reagan both have their own views about war, women’s rights, gay rights, foreign policy, and many other problems facing our country. These two presidents have greatly impacted our country since they were in office. Roosevelt and Reagan have helped shape our country into what it is today. Franklin D. Roosevelt was born in 1882 in New York. He went to HarvardRead Moreap us history dbq1672 Words   |  7 PagesDepression EXCEPT: B.:-) He saw the Depression as akin to an act of nature, about which nothing could be done except to ride it out. 2.Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal program attempted or achieved all of the following EXCEPT C.:-) supported the creation of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. 3.The â€Å"New Immigration† was made up primarily of D.:-) persons from Southern and Eastern Europe. 4.By â€Å"normalcy† President Warren G. Harding meant not only peace after the recent war butRead MoreGreat Depression Essay examples1427 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Depression was a difficult time for all the American people. It was a time of unemployment, falling wages, and hope for recovery (â€Å"Chapter 27†). Some of the causes of the Great Depression were government policies, economic factors, and the gold standard (â€Å"Chapter 27†). Other reasons included the fall of the stock market, overseas investments, and the investments in Florida real estate (Farless). The president at the time of this difficult time was President Herbert Hoover. When theRead MoreEffects Of The Great Depression1329 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of the Great Depression The Great Depression, the worst economic recession in US history. In October 1929 the U.S. stock market crashed. This event is commonly referred to as the beginning of the Depression. The stock market crashed in New York causing the rest of America to fall. It was not just one factor, but a combination of domestic and worldwide conditions that led to the Great Depression. There are many theories of what caused the Great Depression, however, they are not all agreed

The Barbarian Nurseries Free Essays

Immigration to the United States of America has been monumental in the development of this great nation. In both The Barbarian Nurseries, written by Hector Tobar, and Summer of the Big Bachi, written by Naomi Hirahara, are centered around two characters that once moved to America from a foreign land, in hopes to have the American dream, the traditional social ideals of the United States, such as equality, democracy, and material prosperity. Both of the characters work in laborious fields and undergo scrutiny and interrogation of unfortunate circumstances that were out of their control. We will write a custom essay sample on The Barbarian Nurseries or any similar topic only for you Order Now The strain that is put on immigrants from other countries is prominent in both of these captivating novels. In The Barbarian Nurseries, the main character, Araceli, is the one that holds the Torres-Thompson household together, just as she holds this novel together. Araceli came to California after dropping out of art school in Mexico and moved to California and now lives in the family’s guesthouse. She does everything for the family; everything from keeping ants at bay by drawing a line of chalk on the kitchen floors to feeding and caring for the Torres-Thompson children. To Maureen and Scott, the householders who Araceli works for, she is unfamiliar and difficult to understand. Yet to the reader, she is the understandable and recognizable hard working woman trying to support her family the best she can. Araceli takes pride in her work; she sends a portion of the money she earns home to her family. Since she cannot tell her employers how she truly feels about them, her actions and body language convey a message to the reader. For example, at a party, Araceli makes a dish in the colors of the Mexican flag, subtly expressing who she is. Throughout the novel you see the struggle that Araceli goes through within herself. She frequently has internal dialogue that is a mix of English phrasing and Spanish language. Tobar uses this technique to demonstrate the struggle that is going on within her; she is caught between two worlds. Similar to The Barbarian Nurseries main character, Araceli, the novel Summer of the Big Bachi, is centered around a character that has moved to California from Japan. Mas Arai, the main character of the Summer of the Big Bachi, is a 74 year old gardener in living in Pasadena California. This man as been has seen significant struggles in his life everything from surviving the bombing of Hiroshima to the loss of his wife. Now his career as a gardener is beginning to diminish. â€Å"At the height of Mas’s career, he had half a dozen of these customers. Hollywood doctors, actors, big businessmen. But now there was only one. Mrs. Witt†, (Hirahara 40). With the dwindling of his career al ong with the struggles of his life, all Mas wants is to live the American Dream. With everything that is going on presently in his life, the last thing that he needs is for past circumstances to arise; but that is exactly what happens. Mas finds himself unveiling a mystery of his past. The main character of Summer of the Big Bachi, finds himself in a predicament that threatens the wellbeing of his own life. A long kept secret and his fear of bachi, the spirit of retribution, are awoken when a stranger approaches him. He begins asking him disturbing questions about someone from Mas’ distant past, sending Mas on an urgent search for long-buried truths. Once the truth’s had been revealed Mas has an internal struggle, much like Araceli from The Barbarian Nurseries; for instance, â€Å"Mas could’ve blamed wishbone for not keeping his big mouth shut, or yelled at Mr. Ryan for being ruled by a woman and not honoring a promise made between two men. He could’ve berated Chizuko and Mari for their sniveling, which made him delay a decision on a good deal. But when you came right down to it, it had everything to do with bachi and Joji Haneda† (Hirahara 136). This passage goes into detail the battle that Mas is going through during this period of his life. Just as Araceli had an internal struggle with defining who she was, he is trying to understand the best route for his situation. Araceli not only goes through internal battles she also battles the justice system because of the mistakes of others. When a brutal argument between Scott and Maureen becomes heated and violent, the children are left in the care of Araceli. She struggles with what to do with the children. Her struggle with this begins when, â€Å"She stood with her arms folded and looked down the street, hoping to see el senor Scott’s car coming around the corner, but the vista never changed from the blank-page seep of wide roadways. He’s not coming home either,†(Tobar 132-133). It is at this point that Araceli realizes that she has been left in care of the Torres-Thompson children. She ends up trying to take them to their grandfather’s house which ends up backfiring on her. Each of these stories has similar endings in that they both have positive outcomes for Araceli and Mas. In The Barbarian Nurseries, Araceli is goes through the court process, but because she is an illegal worker, there are added on difficulties with her court case. For example, there had been letters written such as this, â€Å"Araceli N. Ramirez should be arrested and deported no matter what the outcome of the criminal proceedings the County undertakes against her. Illegal Mexican labor lowers wages while demanding entitlements†¦Not to mention they breed like there’s no tomorrow, regardless of whether they can support their children because they know the state will subsidize them† (Tobar 325). Similarly in the Summer of the Big Bachi, Mas finds him being the easiest person to blame, for instance he tells Yuki, â€Å"I have a bad feeling about this. Real bad feeling. The police need someone to blame. They might cut a deal with the Japanese government, and I may be tried over there† (Hirahara 29). Both of these characters undergo struggles of being the easiest person to blame in the justice system and are attacked because of that, even though they weren’t the problem. However in the end, Mas ends up saving his friends and providing the escape they were searching for; and Araceli was let go and makes it to the desert with Filipe. Immigrants are people that move to a country or region to which they are not native in order to settle there. In both The Barbarian Nurseries, written by Hector Tobar, and Summer of the Big Bachi, written by Naomi Hirahara, are centered around two characters that at one point moved to America in hopes to have the American dream. Both of the characters work in California and undergo struggles in their careers as was as in the unfortunate interrogation of the American legal system. Despite the strain that is put on the two individuals, Araceli and Mas, they overcome the struggles, and in the end are victorious in the trials and tribulations they both faced throughout the enticing novels, The Barbarian Nurseries, and Summer of the Big Bachi. How to cite The Barbarian Nurseries, Papers

IT Ruling 2650 under the ITAA 1997 Act †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The It Ruling 2650 Under The Itaa 1997 Act? Answer: Introducation The case study is based on a person named Kit who is a citizen of Chile but due to his work, he is staying in Australia. It is seen that being a Non-Australian he is living in the country on a permanent basis as he works in an Australia based organization. The IT ruling 2650 under the ITAA 1997 Act states that earnings that are received by an individual residing in Australia are stored and tax is levied over the income received from Australia and any other income that is received from international sources (Edmonds, Holle and Hartanti 2015). The paper is constructed in order to analyse the residential status of Kit so that his tax can be calculated by looking at the income he receives from the country and any other earnings from investments that are made abroad. In accordance with the taxation policy of Australia, it is seen that the income of Kit will be taxed if he is found to be in line with the Australian residing policy. In that case, if Kit is found to be a permanent resident of Australia, then he will be taxed on his income accordingly. It is seen that Kit has been living with his family in Australia for more than three years because of his work even though he is a citizen of Chile. Kit is earning is income from Australia and has been residing in the country and therefore, it important to realize the residential status of him as accordingly he will be taxed on his income (Sharkey 2015). The determination of the actual tax that can be levied on Kit is only possible if his status of resident can be determined. The understanding of the residential status is possible by undertaking various residential investigations that will be useful in attaining the idea regarding residential status of Kit. There are several examinations that can be un dertaken in order to realize the residential status of a person and therefore these tests will be done to determine the residential position of Kit. The analysis of the tests are given below: Domicile Test The domicile test is undertaken with respect to the Domicile Act of 1982. This act gives out the relevant and particular rights and policies that are pertinent to every individual for realising their residential status. The domicile test actually comprises of a legitimate structure that is helpful in the recognition of the current status of resident of an individual (Altshuler, Shay and Toder 2015). The act even describes that every individual has the supremacy and power to maintain dual citizenship. It is seen that with respect to the case study related to Kit, the person has even purchase a house in Australia. Kit has purchased a house in Australia and it is in regard to Section 6 of the taxation ruling 2650 of Australia. This section explains that tax is levied on individuals who have intended to purchase a house in Australia. Hence, when an individual is discovered to a domicile of the country, they are liable to be taxed according to the taxation policy of the country (McLaren 2015). With respect to the case study, it is known that Kit has purchased a house in Australia and therefore, his case is in line with the Section 6 one of the taxation ruling 1936 and therefore, Kit is found a domicile of Australia and therefore his income will be taxed according to taxation system of the country. Kit has even passed the domicile test and can be declared to be a permanent resident of the country as he has been living in the country for over three years and this incident shows that Kit has been living in the country for more than six months without any interval, which is another characteristic of the residential status. 183 Days Test The 183 Days test explains that if a person lives in Australia for more than 183 days without any interval he or she can be recognised as an Australian resident. With respect to the case study, it is seen that Kit has purchased a house in Australia and has been residing there with his family for more than three years. This incident is in relation to the F.C of T.v Apllegate 79 ATC; (1979) 9 ATR 899 as this section explains that a person will be taken as a domicile of Australia if they reside in the country for more than 183 days without any gap (Cooper 2016). However, it is seen that due to his work Kit has to go abroad on a quarterly basis but even though he goes out of the country, in total he and his family lives in the country for more than 183 days. This evidence therefore reveals that Kit is proved to a permanent domicile of the country and hence he will be taxable under the Australian taxation system over his income earned from the country and any other income that has been ga ined from international sources. Income Tax Assessment The individual tax of an individual is computed with respect to the Income Tax Act that has been laid down by the Australian Government. The income tax that is computed for a person is estimated on the basis of the total income that is gained within a financial year. With respect to the case study of Kit, it is seen that the salary that is received by Kit from his organization that is Australia based, is deposited in his bank account in Westpac. Kit holds a bank account jointly with his wife. Kit has even undertaken various investments in Chile. Applegate per Franki J 79 ATC explains that an individual who is a domicile of Australia is accountable to reveal all their information regarding their income and investments to the government thereby helping the taxation department to calculate the real tax and avoid the double taxation issue (Vann and Cooper 2016). Hence, Kit is liable to disclose all his income that he receives as salary and the income he receives from the investment in Ch ile so that the real taxation amount can be attained. Californian Copper Syndicate Ltd vs. Harris (Surveyor of Taxes) (1904) 5 TC 159 This is a case that considers the problems that Copper Syndicate Ltd face with respect to their non-refundable assets and lands that are used up for the purpose of mining of minerals. The court is under the consideration and has given out a decision that all the potential earnings are taken as the incomes that the management and the organizations receive (McCluskey. and Franzsen 2017). It is seen that capital for financing in the firm is not adequate and therefore, the end result has some significance. The decision that has been given out by the court is useful as it minimizes the mistakes and the fraudulent operations within the mining sector due to the fact that the revenue that can be subtracted are under the scrutiny of being taxed if the earnings are associated with the sale of property. Scottish Australian Mining Co Ltd vs. FC of T (1950) 81 CLR 188 In this scenario, it is observed that the revenue generated from land may or may not be granted as capital. The earnings that are liable to be taxed reveal that there is an uncertainty in the revenue generated from land and hence does not support the value investigation. It can be seen with respect to Section 25(I) that has a relation with the case of Mason, Wilson and Morphy, where the earnings that are constructed with the help of sale of land can be understood as an individual property (Newman 2016). The conclusion to this case reveals that revenue from property sales is equated to the income of the taxpayers in accordance to the principles of accounting. Statham Anor vs. FC of T 89 ATC 4070 This is a case that explains that any revenue from sales will be taxable if it is related to the loss of earnings in farming. The Section 25 and 26 describes that the income from the trading of land and estates are segregated in order to be analysed and monitored. The section even explains that profit that is gained from selling of land due to losses in farming will even be taxed. There remains an uncertainty that is in relation to the diversification of the earnings received from land sales. Casimaty vs. FC of T 97 ATC 5135 In this scenario, it is seen that segregation of a land is undertaken has become ripened and so it is sold off to any firm or land. The revenue that is created from the sale of land in this case has actual changes in the value of tax. In order to understand the full potential of land, the land was segregated and thereby by observing the characteristics of land so that the actual price can be given and minimizing the chances of the revenue getting posted in the capital gains (Clough and Roberts 2014). This action can be only be undertaken if the property earlier was not exploited for any business operations. Moana Sand Pty Ltd vs. FC of T 88 ATC 4897 It is a case where the conclusion of the results has given out that any property or land that is bought with the intention of creating profit is not always fruitful to give out the profit as such lands require to pay extra tax keeping in line with the notion that a profit is gained with the help of the sales activity. Crow vs. FC of T 88 ATC 4620 It is a case in which it is seen that a land was bought with the purpose of farming and due to some unavoidable circumstances, the land is divided and sold off so that some income can be gained. The court has given a judgment that the income received from the selling of land is taken as income and therefore tax will be implied over the profit that is received by the proprietor (Griffiths 2015). It is due to this reason that the procedure of sale is conducted in a systematic manner. Mc Curry Anor Vs. FC of T 98 ATC 4487 The owner of the house in this case reconstructs their old house into a new one so that they can sell off the house with the purpose of earning profit. The court has seen such scenario to be a misconduct on the part of the owner and hence instructs the owner of the renovated house to pay out taxes over the profit gained. It is because, the house constructed primarily did not have the intension of making profit (Millar 2014). The purpose of the owner is to make profit by reconstructing the house and therefore, tax is implied on his sales proceeds and revenue. Reference List Clough, M. and Roberts, J., 2014. Commissioner of taxation wins appeal upholding tax assessment issued to.Australian Resources and Energy Law Journal,33(2), p.93. Cooper, G.S., 2016. Implementing BEPS, or Maybe Not-The Australian Experience One Year On. Altshuler, R., Shay, S.E. and Toder, E.J., 2015. Lessons the United States can learn from other countries territorial systems for taxing income of multinational corporations. Edmonds, M., Holle, C. and Hartanti, W., 2015. Alternative assets insights: Super funds-tax impediments to going global.Taxation in Australia,49(7), p.413. Griffiths, J., 2015. Application of the Australian consumer law to government commercial activities. Commercial Law Quarterly: The Journal of the Commercial Law Association of Australia, 29(3), p.3. McCluskey, W.J. and Franzsen, R.C., 2017.Land value taxation: An applied analysis. Routledge. McLaren, J., 2015. The Taxation of Foreign Investment in Australia by Sovereign Wealth Funds: Why Has Australia Not Passed Laws Enshrining the Doctrine of Sovereign Immunity.J. Austl. Tax'n,17, p.53. Millar, R., 2014. Grappling with basic VAT concepts in the Australian GST: the meaning of supply for consideration.World Journal of VAT/GST Law,3(1), pp.1-31. Newman, S., 2016. The new CGT withholding regime: More than meets the eye. Proctor, The, 36(5), p.18. Sharkey, N., 2015. Coming to Australia: Cross border and Australian income tax complexities with a focus on dual residence and DTAs and those from China, Singapore and Hong Kong-Part 1.Brief,42(10), p.10. Vann, R.J. and Cooper, G.S., 2016. Transfer Pricing MoneyThe Chevron Case. Vann, R.J., 2016. Hybrid Entities in Australia: Resource Capital Fund III LP Case. Williams, L., 2017. Risk: Real property changes: Risk management tips for solicitors.LSJ: Law Society of NSW Journal, (30), p.76.

Differences in Diabetic Related Cases in African

Introduction The research study examines the diabetes epidemic among African-Americans based on the various range of risk as well as structural factors contributing to the prevalence of the disease amongst women.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Differences in Diabetic Related Cases in African-Americans and Whites specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The study mainly emphasizes possible avenues which could be exploited to ensure equal application as well as implementation of the various health care interventions with a focus on disease populations and disease management considering chronic conditions which receive greatest disparities in health care (American Diabetes Association, 2009, pp 13-61). Previous statistics reveal that the prevalence of diabetes amongst African-American is averagely 1.8 times more than that in whites of similar age. The studies further revealed that for every six whites suffering from dia betes, ten African-American are diagnosed with the same. The mortality rate amongst African-American is also higher approximated to be around 27%. The number of African-American diagnosed with diabetes and at the same time suffering from severe complications which accompanies the disease is over three million, which is almost 13% of the population. This shows that diabetes is one of the most costly health complications, but it can still be controlled through necessary preventive measures (American Diabetes Association, 2009, pp 13-61). Problem Statement Diabetes is considered epidemic amongst African American women with the rates amongst women 20 years and above recorded to be approximately 12% and 25% amongst women of 55 years and above (Kirk et al., 2007, pp 135-142). Statistics from the National Women’s Health Information Center, Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) 2002, shows that diabetes is more prevalent amongst African-American women compared to white women . Because of the high rates of mortality and morbidity recorded in diabetes-related cases, there is need for preventive measures amongst African American women population.Advertising Looking for proposal on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Complications brought by diabetes could well be controlled through self-management. However, despite the population knowing the various self-management methods, there have been cases of poor adherence to the various documented means of diabetes care. These practices range from poor dietary beliefs to poor physical exercises, however, dietary beliefs have been found to be difficult to change owing to economic situation. Research from medical sources reveals that evidence-based practices enhance the quality of care given to patients and health improvement hence lowering medical costs (Burns and Grove, 2007). Majorly physical exercise and poor diet have been found to be the maj or causes of diabetes. Change in the level of caloric intake and the various changes in lifestyle influences the prevalence of the disease (American Diabetes Association, 2009, pp 13-61). Research Questions What difference exists in patient-provider services in diabetic-related cases amongst African-American and White patients? Is the concentration between serum glucose and glycated hemoglobin higher in African-American compared to whites? Do African-American women understand and utilize diabetes self-management activities? Literature Review Patient-provider perceptions and the correlation between random serum glucose concentration and glycated hemoglobin are some of the differences in diabetic-related cases in African Americans and Whites. This research will show the differences between the perceptions of patients and providers on diabetes-related perceptions as well as examine its association if any with self-care behaviors and with particular comparisons between African-America n and White patients. The research will bring to the forefront the part played by ethnic variation in the correlation between random serum glucose concentration and glycated hemoglobin (American Diabetes Association, 2009, pp 13-61). According to Dana et al. 2009, the manner in which a person experiences, understands and identifies diabetes is referred to as diabetes perceptions (Dana et al., 2009, p347). Research on patient-provider differences has found congruence with regard to diabetes-related attitudes, beliefs, and opinions.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Differences in Diabetic Related Cases in African-Americans and Whites specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Research also shows that patients and providers generally agree on the core components of effective care of diabetes but have entirely different understandings of diabetes and the priorities for self-management (Burns and Grove, 2007). There is docum ented incongruence between patients’ and providers’ perspectives where self-management activities education priorities are concerned, continuity of care, barriers to self-care, treatment goals, quality of patient-physician communication, adherence to self-care regimen and diabetes-related attitudes (Tang et al., 2008, p341). Kirk et al. 2007 found that both ethnic groups had significantly different perceptions from providers for at least six concepts. For African-Americans, the significant areas of difference from providers were on the ideas of having blood sugar testing, emotions about diabetes, complications arising from diabetes, taking diabetes pills, the availability of help from friends and paying for diabetes. In contrast, the different perceptions held by White patients were in the concepts of controlling blood sugar, high blood sugar, diabetes diet, exercise, and diabetes, taking diabetes pills, and paying for diabetes. The first hypothesis is that African-Ame rican and White patients will differ in their diabetes-related perceptions compared with their care-givers. African-American patients will have a higher number of patient-provider incongruence than White patients is the second hypothesis (Tang et al., 2008, p342). Aside from differences in perceptions, we will also determine if the relationship between serum glucose concentration and glycated hemoglobin is different between the two ethnic groups in accordance with review by. In individuals with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus, glycated hemoglobin is increasingly recognized as an essential measure of recent glycogenic control. The premise that the relationship between glycated hemoglobin and serum glucose concentration is the same for both African-Americans and Whites has been relied on in epidemiological studies showing significantly worse glycaemic control in African-Americans vs. Whites. Similarly, this relationship is assumed to be constant by clinical recommendations that ta rget identical glycated hemoglobin values in African-American and white patients (Bleyer et al., 2009, p 128).Advertising Looking for proposal on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Bleyer et al. 2009, the correlation between glycated hemoglobin and serum glucose concentration will differ between white and African-American individuals after adjustment for age, gender and level of kidney function will form the third hypothesis of this investigation. Glycaemic control has been shown in epidemiological studies to be significantly worse in African-Americans than in whites. The premise that the relationship between glycated and serum glucose concentration is the same for both races has been the basis for these studies. In the same way, the relationship is assumed to be constant in clinical recommendations that target identical glycated hemoglobin values in African-American and white patients. Data that was almost exclusively obtained from white individuals has been relied on to establish the relationship between glycated hemoglobin and serum glucose in the initial large clinical trials (Bleyer et al., 2009, p128). Sample Selection and Methodology The st udy will focus majorly on health beliefs and self-care behaviors on those suffering from diabetes. The comprehensive research will focus on information and explanation from participant’s experiences in the process of managing and treating diabetes. Data collection will be based on cultural construction of health and illness as well as the belief model. All these would be used as a guide towards data collection and Grounded Theory approach towards analysis of both coded and sorted data. Grounded theory will be used to provide the basis technique necessary for identifying concepts and groups from the interviews. The approach helps in linking concepts into derived and formal theories. The chosen methodology would assist in providing the avenues used in discovering women’s self-management practices and behaviors, various beliefs on health, support systems, knowledge and education of the chosen sample (Burns and Grove, 2007). The sample comprised of 68 African American wome n diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Constructs related to diabetes self-management will be analyzed as provided by the seven self-management instructors as well as diabetes educational programs. The constructs to be used includes nutrition, physical exercises, changes in weight, stress management, blood glucose monitoring, and education on diabetes (Burns and Grove, 2007). Qualitative and quantitative methods would be used for the purposes of obtaining data representing health beliefs, knowledge on diabetes as well as self-management behaviors. Questionnaires were prepared for quantitative reasons preceded by qualitative interviews. Methodology for completing the study The study is designed to reflect descriptive data provided and assist in providing qualitative inquiry into the means through which African American women suffering from diabetes manage their lives. At the same time, the research digs into establishing the perceptions of health practitioners concerned with diabetes se lf-management. The research looks into the various variations established between women patients suffering from diabetes, diabetes self-management health practitioners as well as the identified programs. Self-management on diabetes will be based on factors such as; behaviors, various health beliefs and patient education. The various self-management behaviors monitored included; physical exercises, patient education, monitoring level of glucose, changes in diet, adherence to medication, and interaction with social systems. The rate of epidemic is one of the problems identified for this study, the complications and risks associated with diabetes, particularly amongst African American women (American Diabetes Association, 2009, pp 13-61). Since self-management is at the center of preventive measures on diabetes complication, it was identified as the important aspect of this study. Eight item tool included information such as; number of years providing diabetes self-management education , locality of classes, the number of time classes was conducted, educational level, nature of profession of the specialist, gender as well as ethnicity. The study being descriptive would utilize the use of questionnaire. The study will illustrate in details the ways in which African American suffering from diabetes manage there lives. The preventive measures discussed would target high-risk groups, which are the African American group. The research reveals the need for careful control of the blood glucose level and improved care brought by recommended self-management practices. The study will reveal the perceptions and views of health practitioners concerning knowledge and education on self-management. Describe your variables The study will utilize questionnaires and at the same time, apply efficient procedures in line with ethical methods for data collection. There will be an eleven item demographic showing participant profile, eight items dealing with health educator profile and q uestionnaire with thirty-nine articles. Variables in the study include; health beliefs, knowledge of diabetes, nutrition, physical activity, health education classes, monitoring of glucose, support from social dimensions such as families, and finances involves. Choosing participants for this study will be based on snowball sampling technique. The participants will be reached through word of mouth and also the study depended on the availability of participants in the various self-management education classes. The interview focuses on Africa American women diagnosed with diabetes. The size of the sample will depend on the homogeneity of the population with respect to research characteristics. All participants will be required to possess characteristics matching the interest of the research study (Kirk et al., 2007, pp 135-142). The participants were African-American women above the age of fifty-five to eighty years, with clear signs of diabetes and also self-management health educator s. This is because according to literature review, diabetes is a common disease amongst middle-aged and those at later stages of life. Owing to issues on age bracket, the study would establish the points on accessibility and availability of the target population. Participants will be recruited through various means such as; self-management education classes, interviewee referrals, friends of those suffering from the disease, and letters to institutions such as churches. The other population understudy would be health educators well versed with diabetes self-management, seven in number. To ensure accuracy of the outcome results, two registered nurses, one specialist in nutrition, physiologist, and two physicians are to be included. Informed consent forms would be dispatched and collected form all those participating in the study. Institutional Review Board/ Proposal Approval The interview includes potentially new contacts who first of all, should be contacted to win their confidence in participation. Participants’ names and personal details would be optional to ensure privacy. All participants will be required to confirm their participation through phone calls. Referrals will be used for the purposes of snowballing the sample to the required number of subjects. Results Data analysis provides combination literature review, explanation on various health models, methodology, research questions, and Grounded theory approach on data analysis. Analysis focuses on diabetes health beliefs, self-management behaviors, as well as education knowledge. Explanatory model of illness ensures that all the information pertaining to individual’s beliefs are obtained. Health Belief Model applied in the analysis to verify the patient’s understanding of the issues of health and diseases. While Grounded theory ensured that all means of identifying categories are linked to the available theoretical perspectives. The first section of the analysis would reveal both quantitative and qualitative findings, including the various experiences by the researchers. Demographics of the population of women are provided based on the cultural perspective of diabetes amongst women, and the various treatment behaviors focused on health beliefs. The other section provides the results addressing positive and negative views dealing with diabetes and self-management behaviors amongst the professionals, women and the various programs. Discussion The study reveals various factors affecting the impact of diabetes in an African-American Woman. The results provided would explore the fact that multiple beliefs and practical behaviors contribute much towards health effects. The determinants are revealed as the secondary factors influencing management capabilities of women. These include such issues as treatment costs which determine individuals response based on income level. The results would focus on the nature of communication or interaction between patients and hea lthcare providers as one of the significant barriers since most of the women are un-informed. Compliance to medication and self-management behaviors are crucial in the control and prevention of diabetes and other related diseases. There’s support of the fact that an individual’s good management abilities, adhering to recommended behaviors and education contributes positively to patient’s self-management of blood glucose level. Most of the primary behaviors prescribed by health professionals on diabetic management produced positive results on the sample population under study. Various factors affecting self-management were found to be similar across ethnicity, but the types of medication used varied greatly since more women prefer oral medication than injection of insulin. The study would inform the public on the fact that managing diabetes amongst affected individuals requires more than biomedical approach. The whole issue on self-management requires individuals to be aware of the various societal and personal factors such as gender, education and family, which have direct effects on social life. The study would provide information necessary for developing and monitoring individual treatment plan. The comparison of the epidemiological relationship between serum glucose concentration and glycated hemoglobin in African-American and white individuals was used in this present investigation. The correlation between glycated hemoglobin and serum glucose concentration differs between white and African-American individuals after adjustment for age, gender and level of kidney function is the hypothesis for this study (American Diabetes Association, 2009, pp 13-61). Limitations of this study will include such issues as inaccessibility to private medical records of the participants, which would have revealed blood glucose levels indicating clinical diabetes control measures. Hence glucose control mechanisms cannot be established through this study. T he sample for healthcare educators’ team was too small to represent the entire educators providing devices on diabetes self-management. References American Diabetes Association. (2009). Standards of medical care in diabetes—2009.  Diabetes Care, 32 (1), 13–61. Bleyer, A. J.,Hire D., Russell, G. B., Xu, J., Divers, J., Shihabi, Z, Bowden, D.W., Freedman, I. (2009).Ethnic variation in the correlation between random serum glucose concentration and glycated hemoglobin. Diabetic. Medicine. 26, 128–133 Burns, N. Grove, S. (2007). Understanding nursing research: Building an evidence  Based practice (4th ed). St. Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier. Dana, L., Carthron, R.N., Tiny Marie Johnson, B. S, Tara, D., Hubbart, R. N, Courtney S. Kimya, R. N. (2009). â€Å"Give Me Some Sugar!† The Diabetes Self-Management Activities of African-American Primary Care giving Grandmothers. Journal of Nursing Scholarship 42, (3), 330-337 Kirk, J. K, Graves, D. E, Bell, R . A, Hildebrandt, C. A, Venkat Narayan, K., M. (2007). Ethnic Disparities in Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose among US Adults: A Qualitative Review. Ethnicity and Disease 17, 135 – 142. Tang, T. S., Stansfield, R. B., Oh, M., Anderson, R.M Fitzgerald, J.T. (2008).Patient Provider perceptions of diabetes and its impact on self-management: a comparison of African-American and White patients. Diabetic Medicine 25, 341–348 This proposal on Differences in Diabetic Related Cases in African-Americans and Whites was written and submitted by user Niko Bonner to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Fast Facts About Gerald Ford - 38th President

Fast Facts About Gerald Ford - 38th President Gerald Ford (1913-2006) served as the thirty-eighth president of the United States. He started his presidency in the midst of controversy after his pardon of Richard M. Nixon following his resignation from the presidency. He only served out the rest of his term and has the distinction of being the only president who was never elected to either the presidency or vice presidency.   Here is a quick list of fast facts for Gerald Ford. For more in-depth information, you can also read the Gerald Ford Biography Birth: July 14, 1913 Death: December 26, 2006 Term of Office: August 9, 1974 - January 20, 1977 Number of Terms Elected: No Terms. Ford was never elected to be president or vice-president but instead took office upon the resignation first of Spiro Agnew and then of Richard Nixon First Lady: Elizabeth Anne Bloomer Gerald Ford Quote: A government big enough to give you everything you want is a government big enough to take from you everything you have.Additional Gerald Ford Quotes Major Events While in Office: Ford grants Nixon an unconditional pardon (1974)Campaign Reform Law (1974)Communist victory in Southeast Asia (1975-76)Helsinki Agreement (1975) Additional Resources and Information This informative  chart of Presidents and Vice Presidents  provides at-a-glance  quick reference information on the presidents, vice-presidents, their terms of office, and their political parties. Richard NixonJimmy CarterList of American PresidentsChart of the First Ladies

Virtual Teams Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Virtual Teams - Essay Example And within this culture it is necessary for each individual to take his won developmental path, which is actually the core of the functioning of virtual organizations. Virtual Teams have become an integral part of many organizations because of all increase in corporate restructuring, competition, and globalization. A virtual team is also defined as one that conducts its work almost entirely through electronic technology. Virtual team members, who are normally isolated both geologically and organizationally, hardly ever meet face to face while relying on technology for task-related communication (Matthews-Joy & Gladstone, 2000). Because communication is often seen as the most important factor in coordinating work among team members, effective communication is vital for virtual teams. However, "in virtual teams, separated by geographical distance, the process of developing a shared understanding is more challenging" (Ancona & Caldwell, 1992). In particular, such teams must address three challenges to accomplish their goals. The first challenge is compensating for the lack of face-to-face interaction. When meeting in person, team members can depend upon voice levels, smiles, and raised eyebrows to determine whether they are being understood; however, virtual teams do not have these nonverbal cues and can fail without communication strategies to manage the lack of face-to-face communication or silence. Because research continues to support the findings of Mehrabian that communication is predominately nonverbal, virtual team members lack one of the primary elements for generating shared understanding. Even in the best videoconferencing, facial expressions can be difficult to pick up if the transmission is poor, if someone is off camera, or when the mute button is pressed. Therefore, it is essential for individuals who are about to become part of a virtual teaming experience to be sensitized to the importance of this barrier and how it may be addressed. Second Challenge A second communication challenge for virtual teams is building relationships. Successful teams are founded on a relationship of trust, and relationships are easier to build face to face. Virtual teams are confronted with the challenge of establishing trusting working relationships through technological interaction alone. Virtual team leaders need to pay close attention to the first interactions team members have with each other to support the creation of positive interpersonal relationships. People who are being prepared for participation in virtual teams need to be taught methods of increasing the likelihood of getting off on the right foot with each other. Third Challenge A third challenge is accessing and leveraging the unique knowledge of each member to successfully achieve the team's goal. While a team is working on a project, usually the project is like a puzzle, and each team member is responsible to work on an assigned piece of the project. The team must develop a system for sharing information so that nothing relevant to solving the problem is lost. What some team members may consider the most insignificant piece of information may prove to be critical to the final solution. Whereas